Transmission network, switching network, the difference between the access network
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Users questions:Does the difference between the three networks
Experts answer: broadband transmission networks are mainly based on SDH high-capacity fiber-optic networks, broadband switching network is the use of ATM technology, ISDN, broadband access networks are mainly fiber access, copper access hybrid fiber * copper access, wireless access and so on. Optical fiber communication systemMachine from the power transmitter systems, optical transmitter machine, optical fiber, the relay amplifier, optical receiver, the receiver machine and electric machine. WDM can be used multiple optical signals of different wavelengths on the same optical fiber transmission, it can increase the transmission capacity of fiber, but also to break the limitations of fiber point to point connections, which can be optical fiber structureInto a network connection. WDM and optical soliton technology: fiber optic transmission capacity of over 100Gbps. Soliton pulses with very narrow, spread later to achieve a small distortion, which reached a high transmission capacity. Broadband network to provide high-speed exchange of technical requirements for high-capacity switching, can support a variety of industryService, currently the most promising is the ATM network switching network. ATM signal using connection-oriented exchange form, to a large capacity, multi-rate swap; through the virtual connection and flow control mechanisms achieve statistical multiplexing to achieve high utilization of network resources in exchange for various services. ATM and a circuit-switched and packetExchange of benefits. Broadband network access technology requirements include two aspects: the broadband network and business integration. In the transmission network, currently is used in synchronous digital hierarchy SDH. SDH has the following characteristics: 2 has a worldwide network node interface, a unified, simplified information exchange. 3 with aSet of standardized information structure level, the information structure is called asynchronous transfer mode. 4 in the frame structure for the maintenance and management has a rich bit, so it has powerful network management capabilities. 5 All units have a standard optical network interfaces, including synchronous optical cable systems, synchronous multiplexer, add-drop multiplexerAnd synchronous digital cross-connect equipment, etc., so you can light the way to achieve interoperability. 6 with a special multiplexing structure, allowing the existing quasi-synchronous digital hierarchy PDH, Synchronous Digital Hierarchy SDH and Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network B-ISDN message can enter the frame structure, which has broadAdaptability. 7 extensive use of software for network configuration and control, new features and new features make the increase more convenient to the future development. SDH signal the most fundamental and important module signal is STM-1, the rate of 155. 520Mbps. Higher levels of STM-N is STM-1 synchronous multiplexing is made. STM-1 per second transfer rate for the 9 * 270 * 8 * 8000 = 155. 52Mbps. Each frame is divided into three main areas: a section overhead SOH area. 2 net load area information. 3 snap pointer area. This indicator, used to indicateThe first byte of the net load STM-N frame in the exact location. SDH network elements have terminal multiplexer, add-drop multiplexer ADM and DXC Digital Cross and other equipment. Terminal multiplexer main task is to slip and 155Mbps speed electrical signals into the STM-N frame structure, and byOver electric * light into STM-N optical signals, or vice versa. OADM's main task is integrated synchronous multiplexing and digital cross-connect function, sub-insert any signal. SDH digital cross-connect network devices is an important network elements. DXC is the only pure light and high-speed optical fiber transmission rate to match the crossCross connection technology. Self-healing network is without human intervention, the network can be in a very short time fault in the automatic recovery from failure of carrying business, so that the user will not feel the network has a fault. Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM is a packet switching and multiplexing. ATM fixed-length packet to send messages, eachA cell in its head that contains a VCI, VCI to provide a way to create multiple logical channel, and, if necessary, multiplexing. Because cell length is fixed, the cell may contain useless bits. Important features of ATM bearer services: 3 it is connection-oriented services provided through the virtual circuit transmissionData. 4, data is encapsulated in the 53 byte cell in the transmission. 5, the same channel or link in the cell may be from different virtual circuits, they adopt a unified multiplexing. 6 In order to meet different quality of service, ATM switches can handle non-equal within the same channel in different VC connectionsThe cell flow. ATM is actually a very simple protocol: it is only to transfer data from one endpoint to another endpoint, which in itself does not provide error recovery. Level agreements, including the application layer, presentation layer, transport layer and network layer. Adaptation layer is divided into two sublayers: convergence sublayer (CS) and the crack loaded sub-layer (
Experts answer: broadband transmission networks are mainly based on SDH high-capacity fiber-optic networks, broadband switching network is the use of ATM technology, ISDN, broadband access networks are mainly fiber access, copper access hybrid fiber * copper access, wireless access and so on. Optical fiber communication systemMachine from the power transmitter systems, optical transmitter machine, optical fiber, the relay amplifier, optical receiver, the receiver machine and electric machine. WDM can be used multiple optical signals of different wavelengths on the same optical fiber transmission, it can increase the transmission capacity of fiber, but also to break the limitations of fiber point to point connections, which can be optical fiber structureInto a network connection. WDM and optical soliton technology: fiber optic transmission capacity of over 100Gbps. Soliton pulses with very narrow, spread later to achieve a small distortion, which reached a high transmission capacity. Broadband network to provide high-speed exchange of technical requirements for high-capacity switching, can support a variety of industryService, currently the most promising is the ATM network switching network. ATM signal using connection-oriented exchange form, to a large capacity, multi-rate swap; through the virtual connection and flow control mechanisms achieve statistical multiplexing to achieve high utilization of network resources in exchange for various services. ATM and a circuit-switched and packetExchange of benefits. Broadband network access technology requirements include two aspects: the broadband network and business integration. In the transmission network, currently is used in synchronous digital hierarchy SDH. SDH has the following characteristics: 2 has a worldwide network node interface, a unified, simplified information exchange. 3 with aSet of standardized information structure level, the information structure is called asynchronous transfer mode. 4 in the frame structure for the maintenance and management has a rich bit, so it has powerful network management capabilities. 5 All units have a standard optical network interfaces, including synchronous optical cable systems, synchronous multiplexer, add-drop multiplexerAnd synchronous digital cross-connect equipment, etc., so you can light the way to achieve interoperability. 6 with a special multiplexing structure, allowing the existing quasi-synchronous digital hierarchy PDH, Synchronous Digital Hierarchy SDH and Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network B-ISDN message can enter the frame structure, which has broadAdaptability. 7 extensive use of software for network configuration and control, new features and new features make the increase more convenient to the future development. SDH signal the most fundamental and important module signal is STM-1, the rate of 155. 520Mbps. Higher levels of STM-N is STM-1 synchronous multiplexing is made. STM-1 per second transfer rate for the 9 * 270 * 8 * 8000 = 155. 52Mbps. Each frame is divided into three main areas: a section overhead SOH area. 2 net load area information. 3 snap pointer area. This indicator, used to indicateThe first byte of the net load STM-N frame in the exact location. SDH network elements have terminal multiplexer, add-drop multiplexer ADM and DXC Digital Cross and other equipment. Terminal multiplexer main task is to slip and 155Mbps speed electrical signals into the STM-N frame structure, and byOver electric * light into STM-N optical signals, or vice versa. OADM's main task is integrated synchronous multiplexing and digital cross-connect function, sub-insert any signal. SDH digital cross-connect network devices is an important network elements. DXC is the only pure light and high-speed optical fiber transmission rate to match the crossCross connection technology. Self-healing network is without human intervention, the network can be in a very short time fault in the automatic recovery from failure of carrying business, so that the user will not feel the network has a fault. Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM is a packet switching and multiplexing. ATM fixed-length packet to send messages, eachA cell in its head that contains a VCI, VCI to provide a way to create multiple logical channel, and, if necessary, multiplexing. Because cell length is fixed, the cell may contain useless bits. Important features of ATM bearer services: 3 it is connection-oriented services provided through the virtual circuit transmissionData. 4, data is encapsulated in the 53 byte cell in the transmission. 5, the same channel or link in the cell may be from different virtual circuits, they adopt a unified multiplexing. 6 In order to meet different quality of service, ATM switches can handle non-equal within the same channel in different VC connectionsThe cell flow. ATM is actually a very simple protocol: it is only to transfer data from one endpoint to another endpoint, which in itself does not provide error recovery. Level agreements, including the application layer, presentation layer, transport layer and network layer. Adaptation layer is divided into two sublayers: convergence sublayer (CS) and the crack loaded sub-layer (
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